gemstone
Pearl
Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite/Calcite) with Conchiolin
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 2.5-4.5 on the Mohs scale, Color: White, cream, silver, grey, blue, yellow, lavender, or black, Luster: Pearlescent (chatoyant/iridescent), Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic (microcrystalline aragonite platelets), Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85
- Hardness
- 2
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-4.5 on the Mohs scale, Color: White, cream, silver, grey, blue, yellow, lavender, or black, Luster: Pearlescent (chatoyant/iridescent), Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic (microcrystalline aragonite platelets), Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85
Formation & geological history
Formed organically within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk, as a defense mechanism against an irritating foreign object.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in fine jewelry, necklaces, rings, earrings, and bracelets.
Geological facts
Unlike most gemstones that are mined from the earth, pearls are organic gems produced by living marine or freshwater organisms.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive organic luster and relative softness; commonly cultured in oceans and freshwater lakes globally, especially in Japan, China, Australia, and the South Pacific.
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