gemstone
Peridot
Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, Color: Olive green to brownish-green, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal System: Orthorhombic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific Gravity: 3.2 to 4.3
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, Color: Olive green to brownish-green, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal System: Orthorhombic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific Gravity: 3.2 to 4.3
Formation & geological history
Formed deep within the Earth's mantle under high-temperature conditions and brought to the surface by tectonic activity or volcanic eruptions; also found in some pallasite meteorites.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a gemstone in jewelry, particularly in rings, earrings, and necklaces.
Geological facts
Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color (green), though the shade varies depending on the amount of iron present. Ancient Egyptians referred to it as the 'Gem of the Sun.'
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its characteristic olive-green color and vitreous luster, commonly found in basaltic rocks, mantle xenoliths, and alluvial deposits.
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