gemstone

Polished amber cabochons

Amber (fossilized plant resin), chiefly polymerized terpenoid resin

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 2–2.5; translucent reddish-orange to honey-brown color, resinous luster, amorphous/noncrystalline structure, no cleavage; specific gravity about 1.05–1.10, so it can float in salt water. The rounded, highly polished pieces appear to be cut or tumbled amber.

Identified September 1, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Amber formed when ancient conifer and flowering-plant resins were buried, chemically matured, and polymerized over roughly 20–100+ million years. Baltic amber is mainly Eocene (about 44–34 million years old), though sources vary.

Uses & applications

Used for jewelry, ornaments, carvings, and scientific inclusions; generally unsuitable for construction or industrial aggregate.

Geological facts

Amber commonly preserves insects, pollen, leaves, and bubbles. A warm, lightweight feel, electrostatic charge when rubbed, and fluorescence under UV light help distinguish it from glass or plastic.

Field identification & locations

Common deposits occur around the Baltic Sea, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Test cautiously: amber is soft and may scratch or melt; avoid destructive tests on valuable pieces.