gemstone

Polished carnelian or red jasper

Cryptocrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂; possibly iron-rich jasper

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Orange-red, glossy, opaque to slightly translucent tumbled stone with a dark natural band or fracture. Mohs hardness 6.5–7; vitreous to waxy luster; no visible cleavage; microcrystalline structure; specific gravity about 2.6.

Identified September 22, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures, with iron oxides producing the orange-red color; jasper forms similarly but contains abundant impurities. Deposits range from Precambrian to recent, commonly associated with volcanic rocks and sedimentary silica layers.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, and inexpensive jewelry; also collected as a decorative tumbled stone.

Geological facts

Carnelian is the translucent chalcedony variety, while opaque material is generally called red jasper; a specimen with both may be marketed as carnelian jasper.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its glassy/waxy polish, orange-red color, lack of cleavage, and inability to scratch it with a steel knife; glass or dyed agate can look similar. Common sources include India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and the United States.