
metamorphic
Polished greenstone (probable nephrite jade)
Nephrite jade; interlocking tremolite–actinolite amphibole, Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 6–6.5 Mohs; opaque olive-green to brown, waxy to greasy luster, very tough and typically noncrystalline to the naked eye. The rounded, polished form obscures cleavage; density is commonly 2.9–3.1.
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Physical properties
Hardness about 6–6.5 Mohs; opaque olive-green to brown, waxy to greasy luster, very tough and typically noncrystalline to the naked eye. The rounded, polished form obscures cleavage; density is commonly 2.9–3.1.
Formation & geological history
Forms when magnesium-rich rocks undergo metamorphism, commonly in serpentinite-associated zones; deposits range from Paleozoic to younger tectonic settings. This appears human-shaped and polished, possibly a tool or ornamental piece.
Uses & applications
Used for carvings, beads, jewelry, tools, and cultural objects; quality depends on color, translucency, texture, size, and provenance.
Geological facts
Nephrite is renowned for exceptional toughness due to its felted amphibole fibers. Similar-looking jadeite is a different mineral and is generally harder and more valuable.
Field identification & locations
Field clues include unusually high toughness, waxy polish, fibrous texture, and resistance to scratching by a steel knife; definitive identification requires density, microscopy, or Raman/X-ray testing. Common sources include New Zealand, British Columbia, Siberia, Wyoming, and China.
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