Rock Identifier
Polished jasper (likely brecciated or orbicular jasper) (Microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony, SiO₂, with iron-oxide and other mineral impurities) — mineral
mineral

Polished jasper (likely brecciated or orbicular jasper)

Microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony, SiO₂, with iron-oxide and other mineral impurities

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque, brown-red, cream, and gray; waxy to glassy luster when polished; cryptocrystalline quartz with no visible cleavage; specific gravity about 2.55–2.70.

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Physical properties

Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque, brown-red, cream, and gray; waxy to glassy luster when polished; cryptocrystalline quartz with no visible cleavage; specific gravity about 2.55–2.70.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities or replaces volcanic and sedimentary material, while iron oxides create the red-brown coloration and patterning. Most jasper is geologically young to Precambrian, depending on its host deposit.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, ornaments, and polished display stones; occasionally used as decorative facing material. Common specimens generally have modest market value.

Geological facts

The mottled appearance may indicate brecciated jasper, where fractured fragments were cemented by silica, or orbicular jasper if rounded internal patches are present.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by its opaque patterned body, silica-like hardness, and inability to scratch with a steel knife easily; it should not show the translucent edges typical of agate. Found worldwide, notably in the United States, Madagascar, Australia, Brazil, and India.