mineral

Polished jasper pebble

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly chalcedony with iron-oxide impurities

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque, tan-to-brown mottled coloring, waxy to vitreous luster, and no visible cleavage. The rounded, glossy surface indicates tumbling or water abrasion; exact variety cannot be confirmed from the image alone.

Identified August 17, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Jasper forms when silica-rich groundwater replaces or fills cavities in volcanic or sedimentary material, with iron oxides creating brown and mustard patterns. Deposits are generally geologically young to ancient depending on the host formation.

Uses & applications

Used as an ornamental stone, cabochon, bead, carving material, and inexpensive collector specimen; polished pieces commonly sell for modest amounts.

Geological facts

Jasper is a variety of opaque chalcedony or microcrystalline quartz and often displays brecciated, orbicular, scenic, or dendritic patterns. Similar-looking materials may include brown agate, chert, petrified wood, or serpentine.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its opacity, fine-grained texture, glassy/waxy polish, and hardness sufficient to scratch ordinary glass; it should not fizz in dilute acid. Common sources include the United States, Mexico, Madagascar, Brazil, Australia, and India.