mineral
Polished malachite
Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 3.5–4; vivid green with concentric or wavy banding and a silky-to-vitreous polish. Monoclinic copper carbonate hydroxide; typically opaque, with light green streak and no prominent cleavage visible here.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 3.5–4; vivid green with concentric or wavy banding and a silky-to-vitreous polish. Monoclinic copper carbonate hydroxide; typically opaque, with light green streak and no prominent cleavage visible here.
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary copper mineral when copper deposits weather and react with carbonate-rich water, often alongside azurite. Malachite deposits occur in rocks of many ages; this polished piece’s age and locality cannot be determined from the image.
Uses & applications
Used for beads, cabochons, ornaments, and collectible specimens; historically also ground as a green pigment. Its softness limits use in durable everyday jewelry.
Geological facts
The distinctive bands are growth patterns in successive layers of malachite, not separate minerals.
Field identification & locations
Identify by saturated green color, banding, and relatively low hardness; major sources include the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, Russia, and Australia. Avoid acids and prolonged water exposure.
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