metamorphic
Polished serpentine (likely lemon-yellow serpentine)
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite/lizardite; approximate formula Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 2.5–4 Mohs; commonly waxy to greasy luster, opaque, and green, yellow-green, or brown. The specimen is a polished, reddish-brown-edged cabochon with a pale yellow-green interior; crystal structure is fine-grained and cleavage is generally indistinct.
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Physical properties
Hardness about 2.5–4 Mohs; commonly waxy to greasy luster, opaque, and green, yellow-green, or brown. The specimen is a polished, reddish-brown-edged cabochon with a pale yellow-green interior; crystal structure is fine-grained and cleavage is generally indistinct.
Formation & geological history
Forms when magnesium-rich ultramafic rocks, especially peridotite, hydrate during hydrothermal alteration (serpentinization), commonly in oceanic crust and ophiolite belts. It is generally much younger than the original mantle rock, with formation ages varying by deposit.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, carvings, cabochons, beads, and occasionally architectural stone; attractive material has modest jewelry and collecting value.
Geological facts
Yellow color may reflect iron-bearing serpentine or weathering; visually similar materials include bowenite, soapstone, and dyed stone. Serpentine should not be confused with asbestos fibers, although some deposits can contain fibrous chrysotile.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its low hardness, light weight, waxy polish, and green-yellow coloration; it can usually be scratched by a steel knife. Common sources include California, New Zealand, Italy, Canada, and Afghanistan.
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