metamorphic
Polished serpentine (likely bowenite/antigorite)
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite or lizardite: Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 2.5–4 Mohs; olive-green to yellow-green with dark veining, waxy to greasy luster, opaque, and commonly massive with no visible crystals. The rounded surface appears polished and may include darker magnetite or chromite-rich inclusions.
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Physical properties
Hardness about 2.5–4 Mohs; olive-green to yellow-green with dark veining, waxy to greasy luster, opaque, and commonly massive with no visible crystals. The rounded surface appears polished and may include darker magnetite or chromite-rich inclusions.
Formation & geological history
Forms when magnesium-rich ultramafic rocks such as peridotite undergo low-temperature hydrothermal metamorphism and hydration, commonly in oceanic crust and suture zones. Individual pieces may be Paleozoic to younger, depending on the host formation.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative stone, carving material, ornamental cabochons, and collectible specimens; some varieties have been used architecturally. It is generally not valuable as gem material unless unusually translucent, well patterned, or finely carved.
Geological facts
Serpentine is a mineral-group name rather than one single mineral. Fine fibers in some serpentinites can be asbestos-forming, so avoid cutting, drilling, or generating dust from unknown material.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its low hardness, waxy feel, green coloration, dark mottling, and ability to scratch with a steel blade more readily than quartz. Common sources include California, Vermont, New Zealand, Italy, Canada, and serpentinite belts worldwide.
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