
metamorphic
Polished serpentine or serpentinite pebble
Serpentinite; principally serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile), Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectGreenish-tan, mottled, waxy to dull luster with rounded polished surface; typically Mohs 2.5–4, poor cleavage, fine-grained and massive. The image is insufficient for certainty; similar appearance can occur in other polished green metamorphic stones.
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Physical properties
Greenish-tan, mottled, waxy to dull luster with rounded polished surface; typically Mohs 2.5–4, poor cleavage, fine-grained and massive. The image is insufficient for certainty; similar appearance can occur in other polished green metamorphic stones.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite are hydrated during hydrothermal alteration, commonly in ancient oceanic crust and subduction zones. Ages range from modern alteration to Precambrian occurrences.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carvings, lapidary material, and occasionally architectural facing; historically used for ornaments and sculptures. Chrysotile-bearing material may pose asbestos hazards if cut or powdered.
Geological facts
Serpentinite often shows mottled “snake-skin” patterns and may contain magnetite, producing weak magnetism. It is California’s official state rock.
Field identification & locations
Test for a relatively soft, waxy surface, pale green-to-brown mottling, and possible magnetism; avoid dust-producing tests until asbestos content is excluded. Common in California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and ophiolite belts worldwide.
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