Rock Identifier
Probable serpentinite (serpentine-rich rock) (Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄), with possible magnetite and olivine remnants) — metamorphic
metamorphic

Probable serpentinite (serpentine-rich rock)

Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄), with possible magnetite and olivine remnants

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Dark green-gray, mottled, waxy to slightly greasy luster, irregular fracture, and fine-grained massive texture; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with variable density and no consistent cleavage. The small specimen appears rough and naturally fractured, though exact identification requires testing.

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Physical properties

Dark green-gray, mottled, waxy to slightly greasy luster, irregular fracture, and fine-grained massive texture; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with variable density and no consistent cleavage. The small specimen appears rough and naturally fractured, though exact identification requires testing.

Formation & geological history

Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite are hydrated during low-temperature metamorphism, commonly along tectonic plate boundaries and fault zones. Serpentinization is generally younger than the original mantle rock and may occur from Precambrian to modern times.

Uses & applications

Used as decorative and architectural stone, carving material, aggregate, and historically as a source of magnesium and asbestos-bearing minerals; attractive pieces are collected.

Geological facts

Often contains magnetite, making some specimens weakly magnetic. Fibrous chrysotile may occur, so avoid grinding or creating dust.

Field identification & locations

Common in ophiolites and ultramafic belts, including California, Italy, New Zealand, and parts of Canada. A waxy green appearance, low hardness, and possible magnetism help distinguish it from ordinary basalt; acid testing is usually ineffective.