mineral
Quartz (Agate/Chalcedony nodule)
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to vitreous luster, transparent to translucent with banded or mottled structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to vitreous luster, transparent to translucent with banded or mottled structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed via the deposition of silica from groundwater solutions, typically in cavities of volcanic or sedimentary rocks over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in ornamental carvings, lapidary arts, collection, and occasionally precision instruments.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electrical charge under mechanical stress.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and waxy luster. Common worldwide in gravel beds and hydrothermal veins.
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