mineral
Quartz Crystal on Matrix
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to clear crystals on dark basalt or host rock matrix; Luster: Vitreous to glass-like; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: ~2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to glass-like
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to clear crystals on dark basalt or host rock matrix; Luster: Vitreous to glass-like; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: ~2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed via hydrothermal activity where silica-rich fluids cooled and crystallized within cavities or fractures in host rock matrix, typically basalt or granite.
Uses & applications
Popular for educational collections, beginner rockhounding, jewelry, and decorative stone displays. Pure quartz is also used in electronics and glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Specimens displaying intact white crystals on dark host rock matrix are classic examples of hydrothermal vein filling.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by checking for hexagonal crystal form, glassy luster, ability to scratch glass (Mohs 7), and lack of cleavage. Commonly found in gravel, riverbeds, and mountainous regions worldwide.
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