Rock Identifier
Quartz geode (likely iron-stained amethyst/citrine) (Silica geode; crystalline quartz, SiO₂, with iron-oxide staining and possible amethyst/citrine) — mineral
mineral

Quartz geode (likely iron-stained amethyst/citrine)

Silica geode; crystalline quartz, SiO₂, with iron-oxide staining and possible amethyst/citrine

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 7 Mohs; white to gray quartz crystals with rusty red-brown iron staining and locally smoky purple/yellow tones; vitreous luster, hexagonal crystals, and no prominent cleavage. The specimen appears cut or broken open, exposing a drusy crystal-lined cavity.

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Physical properties

Hardness 7 Mohs; white to gray quartz crystals with rusty red-brown iron staining and locally smoky purple/yellow tones; vitreous luster, hexagonal crystals, and no prominent cleavage. The specimen appears cut or broken open, exposing a drusy crystal-lined cavity.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater deposits quartz crystals inside a gas cavity or vug, commonly in volcanic basalt; later oxidation produces the red-brown staining. Exact geological age cannot be determined from the photograph; such geodes commonly form in Cenozoic volcanic rocks.

Uses & applications

Used as a decorative and collecting specimen; amethyst varieties are also used in jewelry. Value is primarily ornamental rather than industrial.

Geological facts

The exterior is typically tougher, fine-grained chalcedony, while the interior grows inward-facing quartz crystals. Iron impurities can create orange, red, and brown colors and may obscure true amethyst coloration.

Field identification & locations

Look for a hollow or partially hollow rounded nodule, chalcedony rind, and radiating quartz crystals that scratch glass. Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, and the western United States; identification would be improved by testing hardness and examining crystal color under strong light.