mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, varies in color from white, gray, purple, pink, to colorless, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified July 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in a wide variety of geological environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and magmas, and is extremely resistant to weathering.

Uses & applications

Used in electronics, oscillators, glassmaking, abrasive materials, gemstone carving, and ornamental displays.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals found in the Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electrical charge in response to mechanical stress.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified by its characteristic conchoidal fracture, high hardness (scratches glass), and lack of cleavage. Found worldwide in nearly every geological setting.