metamorphic
Quartzite
Metamorphic Quartzite (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, colors ranging from white to gray, pink, and brown with a vitreous to greasy luster. It has a non-foliated massive crystal structure with no significant cleavage and a specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, colors ranging from white to gray, pink, and brown with a vitreous to greasy luster. It has a non-foliated massive crystal structure with no significant cleavage and a specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone under intense heat and pressure, typically during tectonic mountain-building events over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for road aggregate, railroad ballast, and decorative building stone, as well as in manufacturing refractory bricks.
Geological facts
Quartzite is extremely durable and resistant to chemical weathering, which is why ridges formed of quartzite often survive as high mountain peaks. Unlike sandstone, quartzite breaks across the quartz grains rather than around them.
Field identification & locations
Identify it in the field by its sugary texture on fractured surfaces and its inability to be scratched by a steel knife. It is commonly found in ancient mountain belts and shield areas worldwide.
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