Rock Identifier
Red corundum gemstone (likely synthetic ruby) (Ruby: corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; likely lab-grown material) — gemstone
gemstone

Red corundum gemstone (likely synthetic ruby)

Ruby: corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; likely lab-grown material

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 9 Mohs; vivid red, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal structure, and poor/parting cleavage. The rectangular faceted stone is mounted in a decorative metal setting with surrounding accent stones; image alone cannot confirm natural versus synthetic origin.

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Physical properties

Hardness 9 Mohs; vivid red, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal structure, and poor/parting cleavage. The rectangular faceted stone is mounted in a decorative metal setting with surrounding accent stones; image alone cannot confirm natural versus synthetic origin.

Formation & geological history

Natural ruby forms in aluminum-rich, silica-poor metamorphic rocks and some igneous environments, commonly during ancient mountain-building events. Synthetic ruby is produced industrially by flame fusion or hydrothermal growth.

Uses & applications

Used in jewelry, lasers, watch bearings, and scientific instruments. Fine natural rubies can be highly valuable, while commercial synthetic stones are affordable.

Geological facts

Ruby is the red variety of corundum; other colors are classified as sapphire. Chromium produces the red color and may cause fluorescence under ultraviolet light.

Field identification & locations

Identify by exceptional hardness, red color, and density around 4.0; a gemological refractometer, microscope, and spectroscopy are needed for reliable identification. Common natural sources include Myanmar, Mozambique, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam.