gemstone

Rough Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Deep green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Specific gravity: 2.67-2.78. Brittle with conchoidal fracture.

Hardness: 7
Color: Deep green to bluish-green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified July 21, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Deep green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Specific gravity: 2.67-2.78. Brittle with conchoidal fracture.

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium-rich fluids interact with chromium or vanadium-rich rocks (like schists). Many high-quality specimens date back hundreds of millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in fine jewelry and high-end gemstone collecting. Lower grade material is used for cabochons or carving.

Geological facts

Emeralds are often more included than other gemstones, leading to the term 'jardin' (French for garden) to describe their internal patterns. They serve as the birthstone for May.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct green color, hexagonal crystal structure (when intact), and high hardness. Common locations include Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Ethiopia.

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