gemstone
Ruby
Corundum (Al2O3:Cr)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 9 on the Mohs scale. Vivid red color due to chromium impurities, vitreous to adamantine luster, and trigonal crystal system.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 9 on the Mohs scale. Vivid red color due to chromium impurities, vitreous to adamantine luster, and trigonal crystal system.
Formation & geological history
Formed in metamorphic or igneous environments, particularly in marble and basaltic terranes, over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in high-end fine jewelry, luxury timepieces, and historically in laser technology.
Geological facts
Ruby is one of the traditional cardinal gemstones and is the precious variety of corundum, while all other colors are classified as sapphire.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness, red fluorescence under UV light, and characteristic inclusion patterns. Found in Myanmar, Thailand, Mozambique, and Madagascar.
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