metamorphic

Schist

Schist (containing Quartz, Mica, and Amphibole)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 3.5-6 on Mohs scale; Color: Gray, silvery-black to dark brown; Luster: Sub-metallic to vitreous (shiny due to mica flakes); Structure: Foliated with prominent schistosity; Cleavage: Good along foliation planes

Hardness: 3
Color: Gray, silvery-black to dark brown
Luster: Sub-metallic to vitreous (shiny due to mica flakes)

Identified July 27, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through medium-grade regional metamorphism of shale, mudstone, or basalt subjected to high temperatures and pressures during mountain-building events. Geological age varies from Precambrian to Cenozoic depending on location.

Uses & applications

Used historically as decorative stone, flagging, dimension stone, and occasionally in landscaping. Mica-rich variants are harvested for industrial mineral extraction.

Geological facts

Schist is characterized by coarse-grained mineral grains aligned in parallel layers, causing it to split easily into thin flakes or slabs. The term comes from the Greek word 'schizein', meaning 'to split'.

Field identification & locations

Field identification involves looking for visible platy minerals like muscovite or biotite that produce a distinct sparkly sheen. Found worldwide in metamorphic terranes such as the Appalachian Mountains, the Alps, and the Scottish Highlands.