metamorphic
Schist
Schist (Foliated Metamorphic Rock)
Medium to coarse-grained metamorphic rock characterized by strong foliation (schistosity). Platy minerals such as mica, chlorite, and talc are visible to the naked eye. Color varies from grey, silver, brown, to dark green. Mohs hardness: 3.5-5 depending on mineral composition. Luster: vitreous to silky or pearly.
- Hardness
- 3
- Luster
- vitreous to silky or pearly
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Physical properties
Medium to coarse-grained metamorphic rock characterized by strong foliation (schistosity). Platy minerals such as mica, chlorite, and talc are visible to the naked eye. Color varies from grey, silver, brown, to dark green. Mohs hardness: 3.5-5 depending on mineral composition. Luster: vitreous to silky or pearly.
Formation & geological history
Formed through regional metamorphism of pre-existing sedimentary rocks (such as mudstone or shale) or igneous rocks under moderate to high temperatures and pressures, typically along convergent plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Used historically as decorative stone, flagstone for paving, or wall construction. Sometimes crushed for fill material, though less desirable due to easy cleavage along foliation planes. Certain varieties are collected as mineral/petrological specimens.
Geological facts
The word schist is derived from the Greek word 'schizein', meaning 'to split', referring to how easily the rock splits along its parallel mineral layers (schistosity).
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct platy, layered appearance that glitters in sunlight due to aligned mica flakes. Commonly found in mountainous regions undergoing orogenesis, such as the Scottish Highlands, Alps, and Appalachian Mountains.
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