metamorphic

Serpentine (likely antigorite-rich serpentinite fragment)

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically dark green to olive, waxy to dull luster, fine-grained and opaque; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with indistinct cleavage and specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.6. The rounded, mottled green appearance is consistent with a tumbled or water-worn piece.

Identified September 10, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite hydrate during low-temperature metamorphism, commonly in oceanic crust and subduction zones. Most examples are geologically young relative to Earth’s history, though the source rocks may be ancient.

Uses & applications

Used decoratively for carvings, ornamental stone, and occasionally countertops; collectible value is usually modest. Some varieties have been marketed as jade substitutes, but serpentine is much softer than jade.

Geological facts

Serpentine is a mineral group rather than one single mineral; common species include antigorite, lizardite, and chrysotile. Chrysotile is an asbestos mineral, so avoid cutting, sanding, or creating dust from uncertain material.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its green mottling, waxy feel, low hardness, and ability to scratch with a steel knife; it should not scratch glass. Common localities include California, New Zealand, Italy, Canada, and serpentinite belts worldwide.