
metamorphic
Serpentine-rich metamorphic cobble
Serpentinite, principally antigorite/lizardite Mg3Si2O5(OH)4, possibly with magnetite and minor carbonate
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically olive-green to yellow-green, mottled, waxy to greasy luster, and massive rather than visibly crystalline; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and specific gravity near 2.5–2.6. The rounded, polished appearance indicates natural water wear or tumbling.
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Physical properties
Typically olive-green to yellow-green, mottled, waxy to greasy luster, and massive rather than visibly crystalline; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and specific gravity near 2.5–2.6. The rounded, polished appearance indicates natural water wear or tumbling.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite are hydrated during hydrothermal alteration, commonly along faults and plate boundaries. Serpentinization is generally Paleozoic to modern, depending on the host terrane.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, carvings, countertops, and historically as a source of magnesium; attractive pieces are collected, though fibrous asbestos-bearing varieties require caution. It is not typically used as a gemstone unless polished.
Geological facts
The specimen’s green-gold coloration and smooth waxy surface are consistent with serpentinite, but an image cannot exclude weathered greenstone, nephrite, or altered basalt. Avoid cutting or sanding unknown serpentinite because some deposits contain chrysotile asbestos.
Field identification & locations
Field clues include a low hardness, greasy feel, green mottling, and possible magnetism from magnetite; it may occur in ophiolites and mountain belts. Common localities include California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and the Ural region.
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