
metamorphic
Serpentine-rich rock (likely serpentinite)
Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile), commonly with magnetite and brucite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically olive-green to brown, waxy to greasy luster, massive and fine-grained, with Mohs hardness about 2.5–4; specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.6. The specimen’s rounded, polished appearance and dark green mottling fit serpentine, though the image alone cannot confirm composition.
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Physical properties
Typically olive-green to brown, waxy to greasy luster, massive and fine-grained, with Mohs hardness about 2.5–4; specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.6. The specimen’s rounded, polished appearance and dark green mottling fit serpentine, though the image alone cannot confirm composition.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite hydrate during low-temperature metamorphism, often along oceanic crust, subduction zones, and faults. Formation ages vary widely, from ancient Precambrian bodies to modern tectonic settings.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative dimension stone, carvings, tiles, and occasionally jewelry; historically used as “serpentine marble.” Fibrous chrysotile-bearing material may contain asbestos and should not be cut, drilled, or powdered without testing and controls.
Geological facts
Serpentinite commonly contains magnetite, giving some pieces a weak magnetic response, and may weather to distinctive green soils. It is California’s state rock.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its green waxy appearance, softness, conchoidal-to-uneven fracture, and possible magnetism; a streak or hardness test and laboratory analysis distinguish it from jade and chlorite rocks. Common in Alpine-type ultramafic complexes worldwide.
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