metamorphic
Serpentine (Serpentinite)
Serpentine group ((Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4)
Hardness 3-6 Mohs, dull to waxy luster, shades of olive green, brownish-yellow weathering crust, fibrous or massive structure, specific gravity 2.5-2.6
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Physical properties
Hardness 3-6 Mohs, dull to waxy luster, shades of olive green, brownish-yellow weathering crust, fibrous or massive structure, specific gravity 2.5-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through hydration and metamorphic alteration of ultramafic igneous rocks such as peridotite in subduction zones and oceanic crust environments.
Uses & applications
Used as an ornamental stone, carving material, source of asbestos (in chrysotile form), and occasionally as a low-grade dimension stone.
Geological facts
Serpentine gets its name from its serpent-like, mottled green appearance resembling snake skin. It is the official state rock of California.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive yellowish-green to deep green hues, greasy or waxy surface feel, and softer hardness compared to quartz. Common along coastal ophiolite belts and beach gravels.
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