metamorphic
Serpentine
Serpentinite; chiefly antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically olive-green to yellow-green with mottled or veined patterns and waxy to greasy luster; hardness about 2.5–4 Mohs, massive rather than visibly crystalline, with poor cleavage and specific gravity around 2.5–2.6.
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Physical properties
Typically olive-green to yellow-green with mottled or veined patterns and waxy to greasy luster; hardness about 2.5–4 Mohs, massive rather than visibly crystalline, with poor cleavage and specific gravity around 2.5–2.6.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite hydrate during low-temperature metamorphism, commonly along tectonic plate boundaries; specimens may range from ancient Precambrian to younger oceanic settings.
Uses & applications
Used as an ornamental and carving stone, decorative aggregate, and historically for countertops and architectural stone; attractive pieces have modest lapidary and collecting value.
Geological facts
Its mottled green appearance can resemble jade, but serpentine is generally softer and less dense. Some varieties contain fibrous chrysotile asbestos, so avoid cutting, drilling, or generating dust unless composition is confirmed.
Field identification & locations
Common in ophiolites and ultramafic terrains, including California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and the Appalachians. Field clues are low hardness, waxy feel, green mottling, and resistance to weak acid; the image is consistent with serpentine but not definitive.
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