metamorphic
Serpentine
Serpentine subgroup (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 2.5-3.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Olive green, yellow-green, to nearly black, Luster: Greasy, waxy, or silky, Crystal structure: Monoclinic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific gravity: 2.5-2.6
- Hardness
- 2
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Olive green, yellow-green, to nearly black, Luster: Greasy, waxy, or silky, Crystal structure: Monoclinic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific gravity: 2.5-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed by the hydration and metamorphic alteration of ultramafic rocks from the Earth's mantle, a process called serpentinization. Often occurs at mid-ocean ridges and subduction zones.
Uses & applications
Used historically as an architectural stone, for carvings, and occasionally as a minor gemstone. Also an important source of magnesium and sometimes asbestos (chrysotile variety).
Geological facts
The name 'serpentine' refers to the similarity of the mineral's color and texture to the skin of a snake. It is the state rock of California.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its typical green color, greasy luster, and relatively low hardness. Often found in areas with tectonic plate boundaries or ancient oceanic crust. Collectors often seek polished pieces like this one.
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