metamorphic
Serpentine
Serpentinite (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn)3Si2O5(OH)4
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale), Color: Mottled green, dark green, or blackish, Luster: Waxy to greasy, Crystal structure: Monoclinic (often massive), Cleavage: Poor, Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs scale), Color: Mottled green, dark green, or blackish, Luster: Waxy to greasy, Crystal structure: Monoclinic (often massive), Cleavage: Poor, Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks (serpentinization) in metamorphic environments, often at tectonic boundaries.
Uses & applications
Used for carvings, ornamental stone, jewelry (tumbled stones), and historically as a source of asbestos.
Geological facts
The name 'serpentine' comes from its resemblance to the skin of a snake. It is the state rock of California.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive waxy feel, green mottled appearance, and relative softness compared to nephrite jade. Often found in ophiolite complexes.
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