metamorphic

Serpentine

Serpentine group (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)3(Si,Fe,Al)2O5(OH)4

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 3-6 on the Mohs scale; Color: Mottled olive green, yellowish-green, to dark green with dark veins; Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky; Cleavage: Poor; Monoclinic/Orthorhombic crystal system.

Hardness: 3-6 on the Mohs scale
Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky

Identified July 22, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3-6 on the Mohs scale; Color: Mottled olive green, yellowish-green, to dark green with dark veins; Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky; Cleavage: Poor; Monoclinic/Orthorhombic crystal system.

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal alteration and metamorphism of ultramafic igneous rocks (such as peridotite and dunite) containing olivine and pyroxene, typically at subduction zones.

Uses & applications

Used as an ornamental stone, lapidary carvings, decorative tiles, and historically as a source of asbestos (chrysotile variant).

Geological facts

Named after its serpent-like green patterns and greasy feel. It is the official state rock of California.

Field identification & locations

Recognized by its characteristic mottled green color, greasy or waxy luster, and relatively soft feel compared to jade. Commonly found in ophiolite belts around the world.