
metamorphic
Serpentinite (likely serpentinized ultramafic rock)
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly lizardite, chrysotile, and/or antigorite; commonly derived from peridotite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically dark green to black, mottled or veined, with a waxy to greasy luster and fine-grained texture; Mohs hardness about 2.5–5.5, poor cleavage, and specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.7. The pale green-gray patches and dark veining are consistent with serpentinization, though the image alone cannot confirm the identifi…
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Physical properties
Typically dark green to black, mottled or veined, with a waxy to greasy luster and fine-grained texture; Mohs hardness about 2.5–5.5, poor cleavage, and specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.7. The pale green-gray patches and dark veining are consistent with serpentinization, though the image alone cannot confirm the identification.
Formation & geological history
Forms when water chemically alters mantle-derived peridotite, commonly along tectonic plate boundaries and ophiolites; alteration may occur from the Paleozoic to the present depending on locality.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative and carving stone, countertops, landscaping material, and a source rock for some nickel, chromium, and asbestos minerals; avoid cutting or abrading unknown specimens because chrysotile may be present.
Geological facts
Often associated with talc, magnetite, chromite, and veined carbonate minerals. Magnetite produced during alteration can make some specimens weakly magnetic.
Field identification & locations
Look for green-black coloration, waxy surfaces, slickensides, mesh-like veining, and unusual density; a streak, hardness, acid, and magnetic test would help distinguish it from chlorite schist or mafic rock. Common in California, the Appalachians, New Zealand, Italy, and many ophiolite belts.
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