
metamorphic
Serpentinized ultramafic rock (serpentinite)
Serpentinite, dominated by serpentine-group minerals (lizardite/chrysotile/antigorite), with possible magnetite, talc, and brucite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically olive-green to dark green, mottled, waxy or greasy luster, and massive to veined; Mohs hardness is about 2.5–4, with no consistent cleavage. The pale gray-white bands may be carbonate or quartz veins; exact identification requires testing.
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Physical properties
Typically olive-green to dark green, mottled, waxy or greasy luster, and massive to veined; Mohs hardness is about 2.5–4, with no consistent cleavage. The pale gray-white bands may be carbonate or quartz veins; exact identification requires testing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when mantle-derived peridotite is hydrated and metamorphosed during seafloor alteration or subduction. It commonly formed in Paleozoic–Mesozoic ophiolite belts, though the image alone cannot establish age.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carving material, aggregate, and historically as asbestos-bearing ornamental stone; fibrous chrysotile varieties require strict health precautions and should not be cut or abraded.
Geological facts
Green coloration commonly comes from iron-bearing serpentine and associated chlorite; magnetite may make some serpentinite weakly magnetic. It can resemble nephrite jade, but serpentinite is generally softer.
Field identification & locations
Look for a green, slick or waxy surface, dark veining, low hardness, and possible magnetism. Common in ophiolites and tectonic fault zones worldwide, including California, Italy, Greece, New Zealand, and the Appalachians.
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