gemstone

Small orange-red tumbled gemstones, likely carnelian

Carnelian, a microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), typically colored by iron oxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; translucent orange to reddish-orange, with vitreous to waxy luster and no visible cleavage. The pieces appear polished or naturally rounded, though the image cannot confirm exact mineral identity.

Identified August 21, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich fluids fill cavities and fractures, with iron impurities producing the orange-red color; commonly associated with volcanic rocks and ancient river gravels. Carnelian deposits occur in India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and elsewhere.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, seals, and inexpensive jewelry; small pieces are also sold as metaphysical or decorative stones. It has limited industrial use.

Geological facts

Color may be enhanced by heating, and banding can overlap with sard or agate. Carnelian is a variety of chalcedony rather than a separate mineral species.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its orange-red translucency, smooth surface, hardness, and lack of cleavage; glass imitations may show bubbles and scratch more easily. A gemological test such as refractive index or specific gravity is needed for certainty.