gemstone

Tumbled carnelian agate

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), chiefly chalcedony with iron-oxide coloration

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; orange-brown, translucent to opaque, with white chalcedony bands or fractures; waxy to vitreous luster and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape indicates human tumbling and polishing.

Identified September 18, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Silica-rich groundwater filled cavities and fractures in volcanic rock, later forming chalcedony and iron-oxide bands; ages vary widely, commonly Paleozoic to Cenozoic. Common sources include India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and the United States.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, decorative stones, and inexpensive collectibles; historically used for seals and ornaments.

Geological facts

Carnelian is the orange-red variety of chalcedony, with color produced mainly by dispersed iron oxides. White curved markings suggest agate-like banding or healed fractures.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its orange color, translucency, waxy polish, and glass-scratching hardness; dyed glass or resin may show bubbles, uniform color, or softer surfaces. Exact mineral identity is uncertain from the photo alone.