gemstone

Tumbled carnelian

Carnelian, a reddish-orange variety of chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂), colored mainly by iron oxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; translucent orange-brown with a waxy to vitreous luster and no visible cleavage. It has a cryptocrystalline quartz structure and commonly shows subtle color zoning or cloudy inclusions.

Identified August 16, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures, later acquiring iron staining; deposits range from ancient volcanic terrains to younger sedimentary gravels. The rounded shape indicates natural or mechanical tumbling and polishing.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, seals, and ornamental objects; attractive small tumbled pieces commonly sell for $1–$10.

Geological facts

Carnelian is traditionally associated with vitality and has been used in jewelry and carved seals since antiquity, including ancient Egypt and Rome.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by its orange-red translucency, even waxy appearance, quartz hardness, and lack of cleavage; glass may look similar but is often more uniformly clear and may show bubbles. Common sources include India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and Germany.