
metamorphic
Tumbled green stone, likely serpentine
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite/lizardite; approximate formula Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectSmoothly polished, olive-green, translucent to opaque, with waxy luster; Mohs hardness 2.5–4, monoclinic or trigonal varieties, and generally poor cleavage. The image alone cannot reliably distinguish serpentine from nephrite jade, chrysoprase, or dyed stone.
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Physical properties
Smoothly polished, olive-green, translucent to opaque, with waxy luster; Mohs hardness 2.5–4, monoclinic or trigonal varieties, and generally poor cleavage. The image alone cannot reliably distinguish serpentine from nephrite jade, chrysoprase, or dyed stone.
Formation & geological history
Serpentine forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite undergo hydration during hydrothermal alteration, commonly in ancient oceanic crust and subduction zones. It occurs from Precambrian to modern geological settings.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, carvings, beads, countertops, and decorative tumbled specimens; some varieties are sold as “new jade.” Common pieces are inexpensive.
Geological facts
Serpentine’s characteristic green color comes from iron and nickel impurities. Fibrous chrysotile, a serpentine mineral, is asbestos-forming, though a polished pebble is not diagnostic of asbestos content.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its low hardness, waxy feel, green mottling, and ability to be scratched by a steel knife; jade is typically tougher and harder. Common localities include California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and Afghanistan.
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