metamorphic
Tumbled greenish serpentine
Serpentinite; chiefly antigorite/lizardite, Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically Mohs 2.5–4, pale green to gray-green, waxy to greasy luster, opaque to slightly translucent, and very fine-grained with no visible cleavage. The specimen appears polished or naturally smoothed and may contain lighter veins or patches.
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Physical properties
Typically Mohs 2.5–4, pale green to gray-green, waxy to greasy luster, opaque to slightly translucent, and very fine-grained with no visible cleavage. The specimen appears polished or naturally smoothed and may contain lighter veins or patches.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite undergo hydrothermal metamorphism and hydration, commonly along oceanic crust and tectonic plate boundaries. Serpentinite forms across geologically diverse ages, from Precambrian terranes to modern seafloor systems.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carvings, countertops, and historically as a jade substitute; softer pieces are popular as worry stones and lapidary specimens. Serpentine-bearing rock also has scientific importance in studying mantle fluids and carbon cycling.
Geological facts
Its green color results from serpentine minerals, often with magnetite and minor chromite, brucite, or talc. Some varieties resemble jade but are generally softer and less tough.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its green-gray color, waxy feel, low hardness, abundant slick surfaces, and possible white veins; a steel knife may scratch it. Common in ophiolites and alpine-type ultramafic belts, including California, Italy, New Zealand, and Canada.
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