metamorphic
Tumbled lapis lazuli
Lapis lazuli; mainly lazurite (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S), with calcite and pyrite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDeep royal-blue, opaque, typically with white calcite and occasional metallic-gold pyrite; vitreous to dull luster, granular structure, no prominent cleavage, Mohs hardness about 5–5.5, specific gravity 2.7–2.9.
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Physical properties
Deep royal-blue, opaque, typically with white calcite and occasional metallic-gold pyrite; vitreous to dull luster, granular structure, no prominent cleavage, Mohs hardness about 5–5.5, specific gravity 2.7–2.9.
Formation & geological history
A metamorphosed, silica-poor limestone formed primarily during contact metamorphism; major gem-quality deposits in Afghanistan are Precambrian, roughly 600–700 million years old. Similar material occurs in Chile, Russia, Pakistan, and elsewhere.
Uses & applications
Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, inlay, ornaments, and historically ultramarine pigment; polished pieces have modest jewelry and collecting value.
Geological facts
The blue color comes chiefly from sulfur-bearing lazurite, while calcite creates white streaks and pyrite produces gold flecks. These appear to be small polished or broken tumbled pieces.
Field identification & locations
Identify by intense opaque blue color, soft-to-moderate hardness, white calcite veining, and possible brassy pyrite; genuine lapis is not uniformly glassy or transparent. Common localities include Badakhshan, Afghanistan, and Ovalle, Chile.
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