gemstone

Tumbled orange chalcedony or carnelian

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely iron-stained chalcedony/carnelian

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; orange to honey-brown, waxy to vitreous luster, translucent edges, and no visible cleavage. The rounded, polished form indicates tumbling or natural abrasion; color likely comes from iron oxides.

Identified September 9, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures, with later iron staining producing orange-red hues; generally formed in relatively young volcanic or sedimentary environments, though exact age is locality-dependent.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, ornaments, and small decorative specimens. Common material has modest jewelry value.

Geological facts

Carnelian is the orange-red variety of chalcedony; paler honey-orange material may be called orange chalcedony. Heat treatment can intensify its color.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its smooth waxy appearance, hardness, conchoidal fracture, and inability to scratch with a steel blade easily; it should scratch glass but not be scratched by a steel knife. Common sources include Brazil, India, Madagascar, Uruguay, and the United States.