gemstone

Tumbled orange chalcedony or carnelian

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; orange variety commonly called carnelian

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; orange to salmon color with pale internal banding, waxy-to-glassy luster, and no visible crystal faces. The rounded shape indicates tumbling or natural abrasion; specific gravity is about 2.6.

Identified September 5, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, often with iron-oxide coloring; deposits range from ancient to recent. The specimen appears polished or naturally water-worn rather than freshly crystallized.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, ornamental objects, and inexpensive jewelry; attractive banded pieces are collected.

Geological facts

Carnelian is a translucent orange-red chalcedony colored mainly by dispersed iron oxides. Similar orange material may be orange agate or dyed chalcedony, which cannot be distinguished confidently from the image alone.

Field identification & locations

Common in India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, Germany, and the United States. Look for translucency, waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, and inability to scratch it with a steel knife; glass or plastic imitations are usually softer or contain bubbles.