metamorphic
Tumbled serpentine
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite/lizardite; approximate formula Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectOlive-green, mottled, opaque to slightly translucent, with a waxy to greasy luster and rounded polished surface. Mohs hardness is about 2.5–4; typically massive rather than visibly crystalline, with poor cleavage and specific gravity around 2.5–2.6.
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Physical properties
Olive-green, mottled, opaque to slightly translucent, with a waxy to greasy luster and rounded polished surface. Mohs hardness is about 2.5–4; typically massive rather than visibly crystalline, with poor cleavage and specific gravity around 2.5–2.6.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite undergo hydration and metamorphism, commonly in oceanic crust and subduction-related mélanges. Most specimens are geologically ancient, though exact age depends on locality.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative stone, beads, carvings, cabochons, and polished worry stones; some serpentine has been used architecturally, though fibrous varieties require asbestos precautions.
Geological facts
Its green color comes from iron-bearing serpentine and associated minerals such as magnetite, chlorite, or brucite. It can resemble nephrite jade but is generally softer and less tough.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its olive-green mottling, low hardness, waxy feel, and ability to scratch with a steel nail; common sources include California, Italy, Canada, New Zealand, and Afghanistan.
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