metamorphic
Tumbled serpentine
Serpentinite; chiefly antigorite, lizardite, and chrysotile Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically pale green to yellow-green with dark mottling, waxy to greasy luster, and a smooth polished surface; Mohs hardness 2.5–4, massive rather than visibly crystalline, with poor cleavage. The specimen’s rounded shape indicates tumbling and polishing.
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Physical properties
Typically pale green to yellow-green with dark mottling, waxy to greasy luster, and a smooth polished surface; Mohs hardness 2.5–4, massive rather than visibly crystalline, with poor cleavage. The specimen’s rounded shape indicates tumbling and polishing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite undergo hydrothermal alteration and hydration, commonly along oceanic crust and tectonic plate boundaries. Ages vary widely, from Precambrian to modern tectonic settings.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative stone, carvings, cabochons, beads, and ornamental objects; historically used as a low-grade architectural stone. Chrysotile-bearing material should not be cut or powdered because asbestos fibers may be hazardous.
Geological facts
The green color comes from serpentine-group minerals, often accompanied by magnetite and chromite. It is commonly confused with jade, but serpentine is softer and generally less durable.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its low hardness, waxy feel, green-black mottling, and lack of distinct crystals; common localities include California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and Afghanistan.
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