
metamorphic
Tumbled serpentine
Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile), commonly with magnetite and minor carbonate
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDark olive-green to gray-green, mottled and waxy to slightly greasy luster; rounded by tumbling and lacking visible crystal faces. Serpentine hardness is about 2.5–4 Mohs, with variable specific gravity around 2.5–2.6; cleavage is poor to indistinct.…
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Physical properties
Dark olive-green to gray-green, mottled and waxy to slightly greasy luster; rounded by tumbling and lacking visible crystal faces. Serpentine hardness is about 2.5–4 Mohs, with variable specific gravity around 2.5–2.6; cleavage is poor to indistinct. The image supports serpentine, though a precise identification requires testing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic rocks such as peridotite undergo hydration and metamorphism, commonly along oceanic crust, subduction zones, and fault zones. Serpentinite ranges from ancient Precambrian examples to active modern tectonic settings.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental and carving stone, tumbled stone, tile, and historically for architectural decoration; attractive green varieties may be sold as “serpentine jade.” Avoid cutting or grinding unknown material because some serpentinite can contain fibrous chrysotile asbestos.
Geological facts
Its green color comes from iron-bearing serpentine minerals, while dark specks may be magnetite. It is often confused with nephrite jade, but serpentine is generally softer and less tough.
Field identification & locations
Look for a smooth waxy surface, mottled green color, low hardness, and occasional magnetism. Common sources include California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and ultramafic belts worldwide.
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