metamorphic
Tumbled serpentine
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectPale olive-green to yellow-green, waxy/greasy luster, opaque to translucent, commonly mottled; Mohs hardness 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and curved fracture. The teardrop shape indicates human tumbling and polishing.
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Physical properties
Pale olive-green to yellow-green, waxy/greasy luster, opaque to translucent, commonly mottled; Mohs hardness 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and curved fracture. The teardrop shape indicates human tumbling and polishing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when magnesium-rich ultramafic rocks such as peridotite or olivine-rich basalt undergo hydration and metamorphism, commonly in oceanic crust and subduction zones. Serpentinization ranges from ancient Precambrian settings to modern tectonic environments.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative carving and ornamental stone, including cabochons, beads, and polished objects; historically used as a jade substitute. Avoid dust inhalation when cutting, because some serpentinite can contain asbestos-form minerals.
Geological facts
Serpentine is a mineral group rather than one single mineral; common members include antigorite, lizardite, and chrysotile. Its green color and waxy feel can resemble jade, but it is substantially softer.
Field identification & locations
Common in serpentinite bodies, especially California, Vermont, Italy, New Zealand, and Canada. Identify by low hardness, waxy feel, green coloration, and inability to scratch glass; exact identification requires testing or laboratory analysis.
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