gemstone

Turquoise cabochon pendant

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

The blue-green, opaque, polished cabochon likely has Mohs hardness 5–6, waxy to subvitreous luster, and a cryptocrystalline triclinic structure; cleavage is poor and specific gravity is about 2.6–2.9. The surrounding gold-colored setting is jewelry metal, not geological material.

Identified September 13, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Turquoise forms as a secondary mineral in arid, copper-rich, aluminum- and phosphate-bearing rocks through groundwater alteration, commonly in veins and nodules. Deposits range from relatively young weathering zones to Cenozoic and older host-rock systems.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in jewelry, carvings, ornamental objects, and historically for inlay. Its value depends on natural color, matrix pattern, hardness, provenance, and treatment; this piece appears set and possibly stabilized.

Geological facts

The specimen is a cut gemstone rather than an exposed rock, so the host rock and exact origin cannot be determined visually. Similar blue-green materials may include dyed howlite, magnesite, or synthetic turquoise.

Field identification & locations

Typical turquoise is opaque sky-blue to green with waxy luster; natural matrix, uneven color, and moderate softness are useful clues. Major sources include Iran, Arizona and Nevada, China, Mexico, and Chile; gemological testing is needed for confirmation.