gemstone

Turquoise (likely a small polished cabochon)

Turquoise, hydrated copper–aluminium phosphate: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Opaque pale blue-green material with dark matrix veining and a waxy-to-dull luster; turquoise is triclinic, typically Mohs 5–6, and has no prominent cleavage. The photo alone cannot confirm whether it is natural or treated.

Identified October 10, 2026More gemstone →

Explore Turquoise (likely a small polished cabochon) in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary mineral in arid-zone copper deposits, when copper-bearing water alters aluminium- and phosphorus-rich rocks. Deposits occur in rocks of many ages, commonly in Iran, the southwestern United States, China, and Mexico.

Uses & applications

Used in cabochons, beads, inlay, and ornamental objects; lower-grade material is also used for carvings and jewelry components.

Geological facts

Turquoise’s color comes mainly from copper, while iron can contribute greener tones; dark veins are host-rock matrix, not a reliable quality indicator.

Field identification & locations

Look for opaque blue-to-green color, natural-looking matrix, and a relatively soft surface; glassy hardness or bubbles suggest imitation. Commonly sold as polished pieces, but treatments and stabilization are frequent.