gemstone
Turquoise (Likely stabilized or dyed magnesite/howlite)
CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (for true turquoise) or MgCO3 (for magnesite)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 5-6 (true turquoise) or 3.5-4.5 (magnesite), opaque, blue to blue-green color, waxy to subvitreous luster.
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Physical properties
Hardness 5-6 (true turquoise) or 3.5-4.5 (magnesite), opaque, blue to blue-green color, waxy to subvitreous luster.
Formation & geological history
Formed by secondary processes in the alteration zones of hydrothermal copper deposits. Often found in arid regions.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry making, often shaped into beads or cabochons. Frequently stabilized or imitated for durability and cost.
Geological facts
Much 'turquoise' on the market is actually dyed howlite or magnesite, especially when presenting as uniform, highly saturated beads.
Field identification & locations
Identify true turquoise by its varied matrix and slightly lower color saturation compared to dyes. Destructive tests like acetone can reveal dye.
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