metamorphic
Weathered serpentinite (likely serpentine-rich rock)
Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals, Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄, with possible magnetite and accessory minerals
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectGreenish-gray, mottled, waxy to dull luster, irregular massive texture, and no obvious cleavage; serpentine has Mohs hardness about 2.5–4 and relatively low density (~2.5–2.6). The image alone cannot confirm exact mineral composition.
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Physical properties
Greenish-gray, mottled, waxy to dull luster, irregular massive texture, and no obvious cleavage; serpentine has Mohs hardness about 2.5–4 and relatively low density (~2.5–2.6). The image alone cannot confirm exact mineral composition.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite are hydrated during low-temperature metamorphism, commonly in oceanic crust and tectonic collision zones. Formation ages vary widely, from ancient Precambrian bodies to modern seafloor alteration.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carving material, aggregate, and historically for architectural facing; attractive pieces may be collected, though fibrous varieties require caution because some can contain asbestos-form minerals.
Geological facts
Often shows green, black, brown, or pale mottling and a smooth, greasy feel. A streak test, hardness testing, and thin-section or X-ray analysis are more reliable than appearance alone.
Field identification & locations
Common in ophiolite belts and serpentinite terrains, including California, Italy, New Zealand, and Canada. Field clues include a soft, waxy surface, green coloration, and possible magnetism from magnetite.
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