gemstone
Yellow Topaz
Al2SiO4(F,OH)2
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, vitreous luster, orthorhombic crystal system, and perfect basal cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, vitreous luster, orthorhombic crystal system, and perfect basal cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms in pegmatites and high-temperature hydrothermal veins, often associated with silicic igneous rocks like granite and rhyolite.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a precious gemstone in fine jewelry and as a collector specimen.
Geological facts
Topaz is one of the hardest naturally occurring minerals on Earth and serves as the index mineral for hardness 8 on the Mohs scale.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high density, conchoidal fracture, and characteristic prismatic crystals. Found globally in Brazil, Russia, and the USA.
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