Anthropgenic (Industrial Byproduct)

Bituminous Coal

Coal (Organically derived sedimentary rock)

Slag

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silicate / Ferro-silicate Slag

Ferrous Slag (Iron Smelting By-product)

Fused Siliceous Slag

Dark polished stone, likely basalt or slag-like volcanic rock

Probable fine-grained basalt; exact identification requires testing

Green Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica Glass (Anthropogenic)

Likely industrial slag or weathered basalt

Basaltic rock; possibly iron-rich furnace slag (diagnosis uncertain from image)

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Composite material (bitumen binder with mineral aggregate)

Asphalt (Aggregate)

Bituminous macadam / Concrete Aggregate

Quartz (Engineered Quartz Surface)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) based composite

Efflorescence (on Clay Brick)

Crystalline salt deposits (typically Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4, Calcium Carbonate CaCO3, or Potassium Sulfate K2SO4)

Possible industrial slag or basaltic volcanic glass

Likely iron-rich vitreous slag; natural alternative: basaltic glass (tachylite)

Pyrite in Matrix

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Quartz (Milky/River Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Likely weathered iron-rich rock or slag fragment

Indeterminate; possibly limonite/goethite-bearing rock (FeO(OH)·nH₂O) or industrial iron slag

Likely weathered iron-rich rock or slag fragment

Uncertain; possibly limonite/goethite-rich material (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Slag (Industrial By-product)

Glassy silicate or metallic smelting residue

Tiffany Stone

Bertrandite Fluorite (CaF2 + Be4Si2O7(OH)2)

Slag Glass

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) with impurities

Green Slag Glass

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (with metallic impurities)

Bismuth

Bismuth (Bi)

Slag

Anthropogenic Vitrification Product / Silicate Slag

Green Obsidian Sphere (man-made glass)

Vitreous Silica with Chromium/Iron additives

Cullet Glass (Industrial Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with metallic oxide impurities

Slag

Slag

Ferrous slag (by-product of iron smelting)

Slag (Industrial)

N/A (Anthropogenic Slag)

Iron-rich slag or ironstone; appearance is not diagnostic

Likely iron-oxide-rich material (hematite, Fe₂O₃, and/or magnetite, Fe₃O₄); possibly smelting slag

Likely iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone fragment

Uncertain; possibly iron oxide–rich material (hematite/goethite) or industrial iron slag

Smelter Slag

Anthropogenic Silicate Slag

Likely iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone

Hematite–goethite-rich material (Fe₂O₃/FeO(OH)); possibly industrial iron slag

Slag (Industrial By-product)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silica/Iron Silicate

Blue slag-like mineral specimen, possibly bornite or chalcopyrite

Tentatively bornite (Cu5FeS4) or iridescent chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon carbide (SiC)

Likely iron-rich rock or weathered metallic mineral fragment

Uncertain; possibly limonite/goethite or iron-bearing slag

Possible meteorite fragment

Undetermined; likely an iron-rich meteorite or meteorite-like slag fragment

Orange glassy slag (industrial by-product)

Iron-rich silicate glass; composition varies, commonly Fe–Ca–Al silicate

Synthetic Faux Fur Fursuit

Polyacrylonitrile / Polyester (Synthetic Textile)

Concrete / Conglomerate (Man-made)

Artificial Conglomerate (Cementitious Composite)

Cupronickel (on a 1981 Mexico 20 Pesos coin)

Copper-Nickel Alloy (Cu75Ni25)

Asphalt Chunk (with aggregate)

Bituminous concrete / Anthropogenic conglomerate

Metal Chain (Likely Steel or a Steel Alloy)

Steel (primarily iron and carbon); specific alloy unknown